This paper documents gender differences in informal labor market resilience using monthly panel data on the universe of garment-making firm owners in a Ghanaian district capital during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis. Although female-owned firms are more likely to close during the spring lockdown period, male- and female-owned firms are equally likely to reopen. Selection into persistent closure differs by gender. Persistently-closed female-owned firms are negatively selected on pre-pandemic sales; their owners experience large decreases in overall income. Persistently-closed male-owned firms are not selected on pre-pandemic firm characteristics; their owners fully compensate for revenue losses with alternative income generating activities.
Research suggests that partisanship and social media usage correlate with belief in COVID-19 misinformation, and that misinformation shapes citizens’ willingness to get vaccinated.
In response to the Covid-19 crisis, 186 countries implemented direct cash transfers to households, and 181 introduced in-kind programs that lowered the cost of utilities such as electricity, water, transport, and mobile money.
Do customers discriminate between workers? This work returns to this long-standing question by asking what role customers play in gender-based discrimination in labour markets in low-income countries.
Research suggests that partisanship and social media usage correlate with belief in COVID-19 misinformation, and that misinformation shapes citizens’ willingness to get vaccinated.
This pilot project will investigate whether female top executives and women in managerial roles have any significant effect on the environmental, social and governance performance of firms in Ghana.
