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It has long been argued that firms in developing countries enter small and struggle to grow large. This paper studies whether the small firm scale might itself hinder their labor productivity, thus spurring a vicious cycle of underdevelopment. Bassi et al.

There is a widespread belief that China plays a fundamental role in African economies, but few rigorous empirical studies to back up this view.

The primary objective of this project, by Khwaja, Das and Andrabi (2019) is to understand what factors constrain growth and innovation in Low-Cost Private Schools (LCPS) with an emphasis on alleviating financial and educational quality in enhancing constraints.

When contracting institutions are weak or exploitable, firms in developing countries rely on a mixture of social and formal heuristics to select business partners.