Performance ranking triggers multiple social incentives for workers. On one hand, it offers status rewards to induce the workers to increase their effort. On the other, it introduces risks of social retribution from coworkers for outperforming them.
This paper studies productivity growth and input reallocation across plants, and scrutinises the wedges between the marginal product of inputs and marginal costs hindering the allocative efficiency of factor inputs.
Targeting is a core element of anti-poverty program design, with benefits typically targeted to those most “deprived” in some sense (e.g., consumption, wealth).
The literature in economics on the interplay between technology and human capital suggests that the adoption and usage of technology can potentially have a positive effect on the human capital of users – for example, by rearranging connections in their brains.
Every year low- and middle-income countries import goods worth more than $7 trillion, and in many states these shipments must first pass through the hands of corrupt customs officials.
In cities with conservative norms or high crime, female workers may face greater restrictions on their physical mobility. This limits women’s labor market opportunities and the pool of workers that firms can attract.
