Working Papers

Developing countries suffer from rising urban pollution levels, with associated negative effects on health and worker productivity. We study how managers in developing country cities cope with the polluted environment.

In modern economies, production is organized in large-scale complex networks of firms trading intermediate inputs with each other. Larger Indian firms selling inputs to other firms tend to have more customers, tend to be used more intensively by their custom

A widely held view is that small firms in developing countries are prevented from making profitable investments by lack of access to credit and insurance markets. One solution is to provide repayment flexibility in credit contracts.

Recent growth accelerations in Africa are characterized by increasing productivity in agriculture, a declining share of the labor force employed in agriculture and declining productivity in modern sectors such as manufacturing.