Values of Directors, Gender Diversity and Environmental, Social, and Governance Performance of Firms in the Industrial Region of Ghana

Abstract

We examine gender gaps in the values of female and male directors and investigate the effect of gender diversity on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) outcomes in Greater Accra—the industrial region of Ghana. Overall, we find gender gaps in values between male and female directors, with female directors ranking low in power but high in hedonism compared to male directors. Additional results are that gender diversity has a positive effect on firms' ESG outcomes. However, further analysis of the three components of ESG indicates that the positive effect is mainly established for corporate social responsibility (CSR) compared to the environmental and governance components. We find a positive nonlinear relationship between gender diversity and CSR, suggesting that gender-diverse directors increase CSR. However, appointing more than six women out of ten directors within a firm could adversely affect CSR gains.

Authors

Raymond Kofinti

University of Cape Coast

Joshua Sebu

University of Cape Coast

William Godfred Cantah

University of Cape Coast

Ralph Essem Nordjo

University of Cape Coast

Gloria Essilfie

University of Cape Coast

Emmanuel Joel Aikins Abakah

University of Ghana

Camara Kwasi Obeng

University of Cape Coast

Emmanuel Ekow Asmah

University of Cape Coast

Godwin Arku

University of Western Ontario

Samuel Kobina Annim

University of Cape Coast